100 billion natural gas, electricity, and teleunications pany enron had been naed "aerica's ost novative pany" by fortune agaze six years a ro, and y as adired as an entrepreneurial ni at shell, young staff ho nsidered theselves to be phisticated strategists ere ae of enron's deal akg the pany as one of hoton's bigst eployers and charitable donors, and it had sponred a popur ne donton stadiu hen y visited our hoton orksho, the other bess leaders treated hi like a god y sybolized the virtues of the free arketeer hose unfettered poer-to produced both private ealth and public good

2001, i chaired a bess leaders' dialogue at the aspen stitute lorado aong the participants, ho cded ternational rporate, governent, trade union, and nonprofit leaders, y as the star ho everyone anted to eet by this tie, stories about enron's alfeasance ere begng to circute the ost proent aation agast enron as that it had illegally aniputed california's electricity arket, and california attorney neral bill lockyer as callg for y to be prosecuted

y's ay of participatg our eetg as strikg he oved and out of the sessions, hich e had all agreed not to do and hich no one else did he seeed to hold hiself apart fro or above the group he as the only dissenter fro the group's ncsion that rporate cial responsibility should be enforced rather than left vontary the only tie he participated passionately as hen, ith righteo dignation, he told the story about lockyer havg threatened hi by sayg, "i ould love to pernally esrt y to an 8-by-10 cell that he uld share ith a tattooed dude ho says, 'hi, y nae is spike, honey'"18

durg these sessions, only one other participant, a trade unionist, ever challend y everyone else nspicuoly deferred to hi i thought that if y as poerful and ealthy, he deserved to be looked up to, and al that if i as polite to hi, i ight benefit fro his rsse

one year after the aspen stitute eetg, enron decred bankruptcy, and five years after, y as found guilty of ten chars of fraud and nspiracy the pany's le iped out ore than 60 billion shareholder vestent and 6,000 eployee jobs, and led to the distion of arthur andersen, its auditor

exercisg creative, entrepreneurial, profitable poer-to is not hard if you pretend, and are alloed to pretend, that you live an unreguted terra nulli but y and his enron lleagues did not live such an epty orld, and defraudg illions of people, they severely undered those people's poer-to y's ephatic rejection of rules that govern the llective, as anifested his disterest enabled by our deference the sall atter of our eetg's ground rules and the rr atter of , ilstrated his disnnected, denerative poer-over

the irresponsible poer-over exercised by enron executives foreshadoed the global fancial le of 2008 bess journalist ark haes as foxed hen the crisis

oke: "e assue that the dividual pursug his or her on best terest ill result the axiu benefit for ciety as a hole-and that certaly has to be estioned no"19 the understandg that i had ibibed london enty years earlier-that a syste driven by the poer-to of the parts ould produce a beneficial result for the hole-as tragically plete and adeate before this becae apparent, hoever, i as to have other experiences that led e to y current understandg of denerative poer

hen, after ont fleur, i had started orkg on different tough challens different untries-poer-over anifestg eity and eality-i carried ith e a certa nfidence that i cae fro a untry, canada, that had suessfully overe its on such challens 2003 i as taken aback to fd yself a nference roo at the departent of jtice ottaa, ontario, listeng to a group of leaders of governent, bess, and aborigal native or first nations anizations talk about their enunters ith the realities of aborigal people canada

as e ent around the table and heard each pern's story-of extraordarily high levels of poverty, addiction, and suicide decades of abe by "ell-tentioned" governents and churches nflicts over the extraction of oil and other natural reurces thoands of stuck nd and treaty disputes-it becae obvio to e that i did not e fro a untry that had suessfully overe such challens y lleague ursu versteen says that our ost iportant learngs e not siply hen e see the orld ane, but specifically hen e see ourselves-and our role creatg the orld-ane20 on that day i sa that i as part of a ciety that as exercisg a terrible poer-over

one aspect of this canadian situation as the idely held ental odel that aborigal people needed to "be developed" this odel had been stitutionalized , aong other practices, a policy of aggressive assiition that sce the 1850s had taken children aay fro their parents to be educated church-and state-run residential schools one of the founders of residential schoolg north aerica characterized his approach as "kill the dian and save the an"21 residential schoolg created a legacy of physical, eotional, sexual, and cultural abe by the tie the st residential school canada closed 1998, this poer over aborigal people had been replicated for nerations

after this eetg ottaa, i and a fe lleagues began orkg ith a tea of national governent and aborigal leaders to try out a ne ay to unstick this stuck situation e chose as our entry pot the extraordarily high rate of suicide aong aborigal youth: five ties the canadian avera but after four years of on-and-off efforts, e had hardly oved forard at all e kept runng to roadblocks, r and sall at one pot e ere frtrated tryg to unicate ith the staff of an aborigal-run nference center i ped about this to y friend, activist ichel lobter, and he chided e: "hy are you surprised that oppressed unities exhibit serio dys-functions? these dysfunctions have to be regnized and dealt ith they rerce and ata oppression by diishg the capacity of these unities to heal" the denerative ipacts of poer-over are retely persistent

i al noticed that ith our icrosic project tea, e sueeded re-creatg the stuck retionshi that characterized the acros e ere tryg to chan the governent leaders anted to rea ntrol and to "fix" the aborigal proble the aborigal leaders didn't ant to be ntrolled or fixed or developed by anyone and those of ho ere nsultants dispassionately kept ourselves apart fro and above the situation e all had our on different roles and poers and trajectories of self-realization, hich never really oved and never really et e ade no progress on the challen that e had set out to address only ter, hen these roles and poer retions ere forcefully restructured and onership of the project as taken over by a local aborigal unity, did the itiative beg to ove forard

canada, as uth africa and hoton, i had been able to regnize the und of poer-to ore easily than the und of poer-over becae the forer renated ore strongly ith y on priviled experience then 2004 i got a taste of the experience of the underside of poer-over y london partner zaid hassan and i ere vited to facilitate a orkshop ichigan for a group of ority activists ho ere rethkg their strategy for achievg racial eity light of the jt-issued supree urt decision that sharply liited affirative action

i as unsettled even before the eetg started zaid is li and i a jeish, and on the pne ride he had shon e an article an activist agaze that poted out ho any of the neonservatives are jeish he al shoed e a letter to the editor that he had ritten, hich he acknoledd ho ntentio this assertion as but defended it as rative and fair e started to a tense discsion, a fractal of the rr li-jeish nflict, but then cut short our arguent to t ready for the orkshop

ith this unrelved tension beeen zaid and e, the orkshop started akardly and got orse the participants ere feelg beaten don by the regression civil rights the united states and disurad about the poor results their existg strategies ere producg they didn't thk y leadership of the eetg, ith y hite and foreign lleagues, as legitiate, and they ere unhappy ith the process e ere g harsh poer struggles sirled around and ith the roo eventually it becae obvio that i asn't anted the orkshop at all, and , feelg huiliated, i gave up i left the group to lead itself and ent back to y roo

that night i had a terrifyg drea a gang as harassg e ercilessly-crodg and shovg and hittg e-and i uldn't escape eventually i becae hopeless and despairg that i pulled the p out of a hand grenade and ble yself up ith all of the: i becae a suicide bober through this drea i experienced the terrible, debilitatg feelg of beg on the receivg end of poer-over

by 2008, y understandg of the dynaics of poer and love as takg shape through such experiences and reflections then i had another enunter ith aborigal issues, this tie atralia i as vited to elbourne by an atralian aborigal leader naed patrick dodn he is ell knon for his decades of varied struggles-obilizations, negotiations, vocations, suits-to address the challens faced by his people, and specifically for his efforts to achieve renciliation beeen aborigal and nonab-origal atralians22 he knos ho hard it is to ove forard on these challens and asn't surprised by the ck of progress of the effort canada hich i had been volved

dodn anted e to ntribute to a eetg that he as nveng ith john sandern, the forer chief of the atralian ary they ere tryg to nstruct a ne set of agreeents cdg nstitutional aendents that ould, ore than 220 years after the arrival of the settlers and 15 years after the high urt verdict that overruled terra nulli, put the retionship beeen these o peoples on an eal footg

the eveng before our eetgs ere to start, i alked by an outdoor cea and found yself atchg o docuentaries the first as the hite p, a fil about arctic ildlife and the danrs it faces fro global arg23 the send as kanyi, about an atralian aborigal leader naed bob randall, a eber of the "stolen neration" ho as a child had like any canadian children been taken aay fro his faily by the governent24 kanyi, randall argues that the crisis aborigal ciety origated their havg been dispossessed and estrand fro the four aspects of life that are essential to survival: their belief syste or , their nd or untry, their spirituality, and their failies "the purpose of life is to be part of everythg that is," he says the fil "you take aay y kanyi, y ternnectedness, and i' nothg i' dead" i as struck that randall's yearng as the sae as paul tillich's love: "the drive toards the unity of the separated"

the juxtaposition of these o fils, i uld no see hat happens hen e eploy our poer ithout love our destruction of aborigal cieties orldide and our headlong rh toards the destruction of the esystes on hich all our cieties depend arise fro our disnnection fro one another and fro the earth environentalist julia butterfly hill ade the sae pot describg her unlikely partnership ith cial activist van jones: "i

ought the piece that e are not separate fro the p his piece as that e need to uplift everyone e ere itted to seeg ho those pieces fit tother e uld see underneath all of it as the idea of disposability: the idea that you've got disposable people, a disposable p"25 if e ph aay or abandon our sense of nnection ith others-our acknolednt, our sensitivity, our love-there is no liit to the sadness, terror, and pa that our unchecked poer can produce

e can regnize this denerative phenoenon of poer ithout love becae, any ntexts and at any scales, poer doates love e see this our hoes, anizations, unities, nations, and ternational affairs patrick dodn told e a story about ichael long, a popur atralian aborigal sportsan ho had alked fro elbourne to canberra to dra attention to the desperate situation of his people long et ith prie ister john hoard and asked hi the anguished estion: "here is the love for y people?" e all feel the anguish that results fro the deficit of love

love is hat akes poer nerative

based on these experiences, then, here is ho i understand the nature of poer and its retionship to love poer has o sides, one nerative and the other denerative our poer is nerative and aplifyg hen e realize ourselves hile lovg and unitg ith others our poer is denerative and nstra-g-reckless and abive, or orse-hen e overlook or deny or cut off our love and unity
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